How to read this timeline
Each era marks a shift in how the field thought about measuring intelligence. The Pioneer Era (1880-1919) was sensorimotor and reaction-time focused. The Mass-Testing Era (1920-1944) industrialized testing through the WWI Army programs and the Stanford-Binet 1916. The Standardization Era (1945-1969) gave us the WAIS and WISC. The Modernization Era (1970-1999) unified the field around CHC theory. The Contemporary Era (2000-2024) is defined by computer-adaptive batteries and updated norms.
Tests marked Interactive have a fully-playable web version on this site. Tests marked Reference are historical archive pages with the original source book linked from Internet Archive.
Pioneer Era
The first systematic attempts to measure mental ability. Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory in 1879; the next forty years gave us reaction-time studies, Cattell's mental tests, the Binet-Simon scale (which introduced "mental age"), and the World War I Army Alpha that turned IQ testing into a mass enterprise.
23 tests in this era
Wundt's Reaction Time Studies
The earliest systematic experimental study of mental speed. Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig (in his founding-of-psychology laboratory) developed reaction-time chronometry as the primary too
ReferenceGalton's Anthropometric Laboratory Measures
The earliest systematic attempt to measure individual differences in mental capacity. Sir Francis Galton's Anthropometric Laboratory at the 1884 International Health Exhibition in London tested 9,337
ReferenceCattell's Mental Tests and Measurements
James McKeen Cattell's 1890 paper that coined the phrase 'mental test' (mental test). 10 sensorimotor tasks - reaction time, sensitivity, memory span, judgment of weights - that Cattell proposed as a
InteractiveBinet-Henri Mental Tests
The proto-Binet test that came TEN YEARS before the famous 1905 Binet-Simon scale. Binet and Henri proposed measuring 10 mental faculties (memory, attention, comprehension, suggestibility, judgment, i
InteractiveBourdon Cancellation Test
One of the earliest attention/processing-speed tests. Subjects scan rows of letters and cancel a target letter as fast as possible. Used widely from 1895 through the 1960s as a measure of sustained at
InteractiveKraepelin Continuous Arithmetic Test
Emil Kraepelin's test of sustained mental work. Subjects perform long series of simple additions under time pressure. Used to measure work curves, fatigue, attention span, and concentration. Still in
InteractiveEbbinghaus Completion Test
The first proposed intelligence test based on a single cognitive principle. Hermann Ebbinghaus (the German psychologist famous for his memory research) proposed in 1897 that intelligence could be meas
InteractiveSpearman's General Intelligence (g)
The conceptual foundation of modern psychometrics. Charles Spearman's 1904 paper proposed that all cognitive abilities share a common factor he called g (general intelligence). Spearman invented facto
ReferenceNorsworthy Mental Tests for Subnormal Children
The first US-developed standardized intelligence test, designed specifically for identifying mentally subnormal schoolchildren. Norsworthy adapted European mental-faculty methods and produced normativ
InteractiveGoddard's Binet-Simon Translation
Henry Goddard's 1910 English-language adaptation of the Binet-Simon scale - the version that introduced Binet's intelligence testing to American psychology. Goddard's translation was used extensively
InteractivePyle's Examination of Mental Abilities
Group-administered intelligence test for school use, predating both the Army Alpha and the Otis Group Intelligence Scale. William Pyle at the University of Missouri developed the test starting in 1910
InteractiveHealy Pictorial Completion Test
An early non-verbal test using pictures with missing parts. The subject identifies (or draws in) what is missing. Developed by William Healy at the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute in Chicago. The pict
InteractiveKnox Cube Imitation Test
A non-verbal test designed to screen immigrants at Ellis Island. The examiner taps a sequence on four wooden cubes; the subject imitates. The test required no language, used minimal materials, and was
ReferenceWhipple's Manual of Mental and Physical Tests
The standard American compendium of cognitive testing methods before WWI. Guy Whipple at the University of Illinois assembled descriptions of approximately 50 individual tests with detailed administra
ReferencePorteus Maze Test
Series of printed paper mazes of increasing difficulty. Stanley Porteus (Australian psychologist working at the Vineland Training School in New Jersey) developed the maze test in 1915 as a non-verbal
ReferenceYerkes-Bridges Point Scale for Measuring Mental Ability
Robert Yerkes's pre-WWI revision of the Binet scale. Instead of age-graded items, Yerkes assigned point values to each item - a more flexible scoring approach that anticipated modern test design. This
InteractivePintner-Paterson Scale of Performance Tests
The first major non-verbal cognitive test battery. Pintner and Paterson built it for assessing people who could not be tested with verbal instruments - the deaf, recent immigrants, and recruits with l
ReferenceArmy Alpha Form 6
Form 6 of the 1918 Army Alpha. The Alpha was published in 5 parallel forms (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) to prevent recruits in adjacent testing groups from sharing answers. Form 6 has the same 8-subtest structure
ReferenceArmy Alpha Forms 7, 8, 9
Forms 7, 8, and 9 of the 1918 Army Alpha - the remaining three parallel forms used during WWI testing. Same 8-subtest structure as Forms 5 and 6 with different specific items at each difficulty level.
ReferenceManual of the Mental Examination of Aliens
The 1918 official protocol used by U.S. Public Health Service physicians at Ellis Island and other ports of entry to assess the mental capacity of arriving immigrants. Incorporates the Binet-Simon sca
InteractiveOtis Group Intelligence Scale
The first widely-used group-administered intelligence test for schools. Arthur Otis (who helped design the Army Alpha) adapted that work into a civilian test for educational use. Published in 1918, fo
InteractiveWells Army Individual Performance Scale
Individually-administered performance examination used in WWI for recruits who could not take the Army Alpha or Beta - typically due to attention problems, language barriers severe enough to defeat Be
InteractiveSeashore Measures of Musical Talents
The first standardized test of musical aptitude. Carl Seashore at the University of Iowa developed six subtests measuring discrimination of pitch, loudness, time, rhythm, timbre, and tonal memory - al
ReferenceMass-Testing Era
After WWI proved tests could be scaled, the 1920s and 1930s saw an explosion of school, immigration, and industrial tests. Terman published the Stanford-Binet 1916; Wechsler invented adult IQ; and the SAT, MMPI, and Raven's Matrices all appeared during this period.
40 tests in this era
Dearborn Group Tests of Intelligence
Group intelligence test for school use, developed at Harvard by Walter Dearborn and adapted from his earlier work on reading. The Dearborn battery had Series A, B, and C - covering kindergarten throug
InteractiveNational Intelligence Tests
The school version of the Army Alpha. After the war, the National Research Council assembled five of the most prominent American educational psychologists to adapt the Army group-testing methods for o
InteractivePintner Non-Language Mental Test
Group-administered non-verbal intelligence test for school use, derived from Pintner's earlier work on the deaf. The 1920 Pintner Non-Language Mental Test brought non-verbal cognitive assessment into
InteractiveBurt's Mental and Scholastic Tests
The standard British intelligence test of the 1920s through 1950s. Sir Cyril Burt (psychologist to the London County Council) built a comprehensive battery covering verbal, arithmetic, and reasoning i
InteractiveHaggerty Intelligence Examination Delta 2
Group intelligence test for grades 3 through 12, developed by Minnesota psychologist M.E. Haggerty (who also served on the National Intelligence Tests committee). The Delta 2 covers a broader grade ra
InteractivePressey X-O Test of Emotion and Personality
Not strictly an IQ test - one of the first standardized measures of attitudes and personality. Sidney Pressey at Ohio State developed the X-O Test (so called because the test booklet was filled with X
InteractivePsychological Examining in the United States Army
The definitive 890-page compendium of the WWI Army testing program, edited by Robert Yerkes and published as Volume 15 of the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences. Contains all five Army Alpha
ReferenceRorschach Inkblot Test
The most famous psychological test ever created. Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach's 10 inkblot cards are recognized worldwide - the test has appeared in countless films, novels, and cultural refer
ReferenceTrabue Language Scale
Group test of verbal completion - 'The cat ___ the mouse.' Trabue's Language Scale published 1916 with revised norms in 1922. One of the first standardized measures of verbal ability for school use. S
InteractiveKohs Block-Design Test
Non-verbal performance test using colored wooden blocks. Subject must reproduce printed designs by arranging the blocks. S.C. Kohs published the standardized version in 1923; the test is the direct an
ReferencePintner-Cunningham Primary Mental Test
Group intelligence test designed for first-grade through second-grade pupils. Rudolf Pintner (also author of the Non-Language Mental Test) collaborated with educator Bess Cunningham to produce a pre-r
InteractiveStanford Achievement Test
The first American achievement test produced from a unified, theoretically grounded testing program. Stanford's Truman Kelley (statistician), Giles Ruch (educationalist), and Lewis Terman (IQ-test aut
InteractiveAmerican Council on Education Psychological Examination
The first national college-admissions intelligence test in the United States, developed by Louis and Thelma Thurstone for the American Council on Education. Administered annually to incoming college f
InteractiveDetroit First-Grade Intelligence Test
Group intelligence test designed specifically for first-graders (ages 5-7). Items use pictures and minimal text since most first-graders are not yet fluent readers. Widely used by the Detroit Public S
InteractiveThorndike CAVD Intelligence Scale
Edward Thorndike's empirically-derived intelligence scale based on four task types: Completion (C), Arithmetic (A), Vocabulary (V), and Following Directions (D). The CAVD methodology was Thorndike's p
InteractiveGoodenough Draw-A-Man Test
The simplest possible non-verbal intelligence test: have the child draw a picture of a man, then score the drawing on a 51-point checklist (was a head included? eyes? proportional limbs?). Florence Go
ReferenceScholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)
The most consequential standardized test in American education. Carl Brigham at Princeton developed the SAT in 1925-26, adapting items from the Army Alpha (he had served on the Alpha committee) for co
InteractiveKuhlmann-Anderson Tests
Group intelligence test covering grades 1 through 12 - one of the first batteries to span the full K-12 range with grade-specific subtests. Frederick Kuhlmann had earlier produced a Binet revision; An
InteractiveStrong Vocational Interest Blank
The first major standardized interest inventory and the foundational instrument of modern career assessment. Edward K. Strong Jr. at Stanford spent 14 years developing the test, which compared a subje
InteractiveMCAT (Medical College Admission Test - Original 1928)
The original 1928 Medical College Admission Test, created by F.A. Moss for the AAMC to address high medical school dropout rates. 3-hour test with 6 sections: Visual Memory, Memory for Content, Scient
ReferenceHenmon-Nelson Tests of Mental Ability
Group intelligence test designed for grades 3-12 and college freshmen, published 1931. Heavily used by US universities for admissions screening in the 1930s and 1940s. Known for its tight time pressur
InteractiveBayley Scales of Mental and Motor Development
The foundational instrument for assessing infant and toddler cognitive development. Nancy Bayley at the University of California developed the original Mental Scale (now the Bayley Scales of Infant De
ReferenceIowa Tests of Basic Skills (Early Forms)
The most influential American achievement-and-aptitude testing battery ever produced. E.F. Lindquist at the University of Iowa developed the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) starting in 1935, eventua
InteractiveStroop Color-Word Test
The single most-cited cognitive test in history. Subjects name the COLOR of a printed word when the word itself is a different color name (e.g., the word "RED" printed in blue ink). The interference e
InteractiveThematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Projective personality test using ambiguous picture cards. Henry Murray and Christiana Morgan at Harvard developed the TAT in 1935 as an alternative to the Rorschach. The subject is shown 20 cards (on
ReferenceVineland Social Maturity Scale
Not a traditional IQ test - a scale of adaptive functioning. Edgar Doll at the Vineland Training School recognized that intellectual disability is not just about IQ scores but about the ability to fun
ReferenceCalifornia Test of Mental Maturity
Multi-scale group intelligence test combining verbal, non-verbal, and quantitative subtests. Designed by the California Test Bureau for K-12 use. Widely adopted by US public schools through the 1970s.
InteractiveOtis Quick-Scoring Mental Ability Tests
Arthur Otis's 1936 redesign of his original 1918 Group Intelligence Scale. The Quick-Scoring version simplified administration (machine-scoreable), shortened the test (30 minutes instead of an hour),
InteractiveRaven's Progressive Matrices
John Raven's 1936 doctoral thesis at the University of London introduced the visual matrix-completion format that became the most-used non-verbal intelligence test in the world. The Standard Progressi
ReferenceStanford-Binet 1937 (Terman-Merrill Revision)
The 1937 revision of the Stanford-Binet, the dominant US individual intelligence test from 1916 through the late 1950s. Lewis Terman collaborated with Maud Merrill to substantially revise his 1916 ori
ReferenceBender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test
Drawing-reproduction test using nine geometric figures. Lauretta Bender at Bellevue Psychiatric Hospital adapted nine of Max Wertheimer's gestalt-psychology figures into a brief clinical test. The sub
ReferenceThurstone Primary Mental Abilities
Louis Thurstone's empirically-derived 7-factor model of intelligence: Verbal, Number, Spatial, Memory, Word Fluency, Perceptual Speed, Reasoning. The 1938 PMA battery and accompanying monograph are th
InteractiveWechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale
David Wechsler's 1939 intelligence scale that revolutionized cognitive testing by introducing the deviation IQ (replacing mental-age IQ) and the verbal-performance split (replacing single-score IQ). T
ReferenceRey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test
Copy a complex geometric figure (the "Rey figure"), then reproduce it from memory after a delay. Measures visuospatial constructional ability, planning, and visual memory. One of the most-used neurops
ReferenceSRA Primary Mental Abilities Test
The classroom-deployable version of Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities battery. Science Research Associates (SRA), founded specifically to publish this test, packaged Thurstone's 7-factor system int
InteractiveArmy General Classification Test
The WWII successor to the Army Alpha. The AGCT was administered to approximately 12 million US service members during WWII and shaped the classification of every American soldier, sailor, marine, and
InteractiveMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Not an IQ test - the foundational personality assessment instrument. Developed at the University of Minnesota Hospital by Starke Hathaway (psychologist) and J. Charnley McKinley (neuropsychiatrist), t
ReferenceMyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
The most popular personality test in the world by administration count, despite serious validity concerns. Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother Katharine Cook Briggs developed the MBTI starting in the l
InteractiveRaven's Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale
John Raven's verbal companion to the Progressive Matrices. Developed at the Mill Hill Emergency Hospital in London during WWII, the Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale was designed to be administered alongside
ReferenceTrail Making Test
Connect-the-dots in numerical (Part A) and alternating numerical-alphabetical (Part B) order, as fast as possible. Originally part of the 1944 US Army Individual Test of General Ability; became one of
InteractiveStandardization Era
Post-war psychometrics matured. The WAIS (1955) and WISC (1949) became gold-standard clinical batteries; Cattell defined fluid vs. crystallized intelligence; the SAT formalized college admissions; and the AGCT and DAT extended testing into military and vocational settings.
23 tests in this era
Wechsler Memory Scale
Wechsler's 1945 memory battery - the first standardized clinical memory test. 7 subtests yielding a Memory Quotient (MQ) on the same metric as the WAIS IQ. Used to diagnose amnesia, dementia, and Kors
ReferenceArmy Classification Battery (ACB)
The post-WWII successor to the AGCT. The ACB replaced the single-score AGCT with a multi-aptitude battery covering verbal, arithmetic, pattern analysis, and several specific occupational aptitudes. Th
InteractiveDifferential Aptitude Tests (DAT)
Multi-aptitude battery designed for vocational guidance in high schools and adult counseling. Bennett, Seashore (the son of Carl Seashore), and Wesman at the Psychological Corporation developed the DA
ReferenceHalstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
The foundational neuropsychological assessment battery. Ward Halstead at the University of Chicago developed the original tests in 1935-1947; Ralph Reitan at Indiana University consolidated them into
ReferenceRaven's Coloured Progressive Matrices
The simpler color-coded variant of Raven's Progressive Matrices, designed for children ages 5-11, elderly adults, and individuals with intellectual disability. 36 items in 3 sets of 12. Same logic as
ReferenceLaw School Admission Test (LSAT)
The dominant US law school admissions test. Developed jointly by 9 leading US law schools in 1947-48 to provide an objective measure of aptitude for legal study. The LSAT is administered ~130,000 time
ReferenceWisconsin Card Sorting Test
Sort cards by an unknown rule (color, shape, or number); the rule shifts every 10 correct sorts and you must figure out the new rule from feedback alone. Measures set-shifting, working memory, and fro
InteractiveCattell 16PF Personality Factors
Raymond Cattell's 16-factor model of personality. Cattell applied factor analysis (the same statistical technique he had used to study cognitive abilities) to thousands of trait-descriptive adjectives
ReferenceCattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test
Raymond Cattell's deliberately culture-minimized intelligence test. Cattell designed the items to be as independent as possible of language, schooling, and specific cultural knowledge. The test became
ReferenceGraduate Record Examinations (GRE)
Standardized test for US graduate school admissions. The GRE was developed by the Carnegie Foundation in the late 1930s and taken over by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) in 1949. Like the SAT, t
ReferenceWechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
David Wechsler's children's adaptation of his Wechsler-Bellevue (1939) scale. The WISC introduced the Verbal IQ + Performance IQ structure to child cognitive assessment for ages 5-15. Wechsler's child
ReferenceLorge-Thorndike Intelligence Tests
The dominant US group IQ test for school-age children from 1954 through the 1970s. 7 forms covering grades K through college, with both Verbal and Nonverbal batteries. Group-administered, scored by ma
ReferenceWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
The original 1955 WAIS - David Wechsler's replacement for his 1939 Wechsler-Bellevue. Introduced the standardized deviation-IQ scoring (mean 100, SD 15) that all modern IQ tests use. 11 subtests organ
ReferencePeabody Picture Vocabulary Test
Show a page with 4 pictures; examiner says a word; child points to the matching picture. Brief (15 min), non-reading-required, scored as a receptive vocabulary "IQ" on a mean-100 SD-15 metric. One of
ReferenceHamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)
The first widely-used clinician-administered depression rating scale, and still the gold-standard outcome measure for antidepressant clinical trials. Max Hamilton at the University of Leeds developed
ReferenceBeck Depression Inventory (BDI)
The most-used depression assessment instrument in the world. Aaron Beck at the University of Pennsylvania developed the BDI in 1961, drawing on his clinical observations of cognitive patterns in depre
Referenced2 Test of Attention
Highly standardized paper-and-pencil attention test. Subject scans 14 lines of randomly-placed "p" and "d" letters with surrounding tick marks, crossing out only the "d" letters with exactly 2 tick ma
ReferenceGoodenough-Harris Drawing Test
Dale Harris's 1963 revision of Florence Goodenough's 1926 Draw-A-Man Test. Harris added a Draw-A-Woman component and updated the scoring rubric based on 50 years of accumulated normative data. The com
ReferenceSlosson Intelligence Test
15-minute oral-only screening IQ test for ages 4 to adult. No reading, writing, or physical materials needed. Highly correlated with Stanford-Binet (r=0.9) and used widely as a brief intelligence scre
ReferenceOtis-Lennon School Ability Test
The modern direct descendant of Arthur Otis's 1918 and 1936 group intelligence tests. Otis collaborated with Roger Lennon to produce the 1967 Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test, later revised as the Otis
ReferenceWechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
David Wechsler's preschool-age adaptation of the WISC. The 1967 WPPSI covered ages 4 to 6:5; subsequent revisions extended down to age 2:6. The WPPSI completed Wechsler's three-instrument family (WAIS
ReferenceArmed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)
The cognitive battery administered to every US military recruit. The ASVAB descended from the WWI Army Alpha (1918) through the Army General Classification Test (AGCT, 1942) and the Army Classificatio
ReferenceCognitive Abilities Test (CogAT)
Robert Thorndike (son of Edward Thorndike) and Elizabeth Hagen at Columbia developed the Cognitive Abilities Test as a comprehensive multi-factor school cognitive battery covering grades K-12. The Cog
ReferenceModernization Era
CHC theory unified the field. The WAIS-R (1981) and WISC-R (1974) introduced deviation IQ refinements; the Big Five (1981) and MMPI revisions reshaped personality testing; and computer-adaptive testing began with the GRE and ASVAB.
14 tests in this era
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
The most-used anxiety assessment instrument in the world. Charles Spielberger at the University of South Florida developed the STAI in 1970 to operationalize the theoretically important distinction be
ReferenceWISC-R (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised)
1974 revision of the 1949 WISC. The dominant child IQ test from 1974 through 1991. 12 subtests (6 Verbal, 6 Performance) for ages 6-16. Replaced by WISC-III (1991), WISC-IV (2003), and WISC-V (2014).
ReferenceMini-Mental State Examination
11-item bedside cognitive screen that produced a single 0-30 score. Originally published as a free 1975 research instrument; became the world's most-used dementia screening tool. Items cover orientati
InteractiveWoodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities
The first cognitive assessment battery built around the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of intelligence. Richard Woodcock and Mary Bonner Johnson developed the original Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educa
ReferenceBig Five Personality Model
The dominant modern personality model. Developed independently in the 1980s by Lewis Goldberg, Paul Costa, and Robert McCrae through factor analysis of personality trait language, the Big Five identif
InteractiveWAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised)
1981 revision of the 1955 WAIS. Updated norms, slightly revised items, and modernized scoring procedures. Used as the dominant US adult intelligence test from 1981 to 1997, when WAIS-III replaced it.
ReferenceBoston Naming Test
Confrontation naming test: subject sees a line drawing and names the object. 60 items arranged in increasing difficulty (bed → easel → asparagus → palette → trellis). The standard clinical test of wor
ReferenceKaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC)
The first major child cognitive assessment based on Luria's neuropsychological theory rather than the verbal-performance Wechsler framework. Alan and Nadeen Kaufman developed the K-ABC to provide a cu
ReferenceNEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI)
The first major commercial personality assessment based on the Big Five model. Paul Costa and Robert McCrae at the National Institute on Aging developed the NEO-PI to provide a clinically-usable instr
ReferenceCVLT (California Verbal Learning Test)
Verbal learning and memory test using a 16-word "Monday shopping list" (categories: spices, clothing, fruits, tools). 5 immediate-recall trials, plus interference list, short and long-delay free and c
ReferenceDifferential Ability Scales (DAS)
British-American IQ test for ages 2.5 to 17. 17 cognitive subtests grouped by age-appropriate cores. Strong fluid/crystallized differentiation in line with CHC theory. Used widely in US school psychol
ReferenceNaglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT)
Nonverbal, language-free group IQ test using only matrix/figure items. 7 forms for grades K-12. Widely used for gifted-and-talented identification because it minimizes language-and-culture bias. Most-
ReferenceDas-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System (CAS)
Cognitive assessment battery built on the PASS theory of intelligence (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive) - a refinement of Luria's neuropsychological framework. J.P. Das at the University
ReferenceWAIS-III (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition)
Major restructuring of the Wechsler adult tests. Introduced 4 Index scores (Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Working Memory, Processing Speed) alongside the traditional Verbal/Performanc
ReferenceContemporary Era
Modern batteries: WAIS-IV (2008), WAIS-5 (2024), WMS-IV (2009), Stanford-Binet 5 (2003), and digital adaptive scoring. Tests are now norm-referenced against 21st-century samples and integrate processing-speed, working-memory, and matrix-reasoning subtests rooted in CHC theory.
8 tests in this era
Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS)
Brief individual IQ test (35 minutes for full battery). 4 subtests yielding Verbal IQ, Nonverbal IQ, and Composite IQ on mean-100 SD-15 metric. Ages 3-94. Designed as a quicker alternative to WAIS/WIS
ReferenceStanford-Binet 5 (SB5)
The current Stanford-Binet (5th edition, 2003). Five factors (Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, Working Memory) measured in both Verbal and Nonverbal domai
ReferenceWISC-IV (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition)
Major restructuring of the WISC. Introduced 4 Composite scores (Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed) alongside Full Scale IQ. Dropped Picture Arrangement and O
ReferenceWAIS-IV (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition)
Current dominant adult intelligence test (until WAIS-5 in 2024). 10 core subtests + 5 supplemental, organized into 4 indices: Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Spe
ReferenceWMS-IV (Wechsler Memory Scale - Fourth Edition)
Current Wechsler memory battery. 7 subtests yielding 5 Index scores: Auditory Memory, Visual Memory, Visual Working Memory, Immediate Memory, Delayed Memory. Ages 16-90. The standard clinical memory a
ReferenceWPPSI-IV (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Fourth Edition)
Current Wechsler intelligence test for young children ages 2:6 to 7:7. 15 subtests organized into Primary Indexes (Verbal Comprehension, Visual Spatial, Fluid Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Spe
ReferenceWISC-V (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Edition)
Current child IQ test for ages 6-16. 10 core + 6 supplemental subtests organized into 5 primary indices (Verbal Comprehension, Visual Spatial, Fluid Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed) plus F
ReferenceWAIS-5 (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fifth Edition)
The newest Wechsler adult IQ test (released 2024). Replaces WAIS-IV with revised norms, refreshed items, and 7 Cognitive Domain scores plus traditional FSIQ. Ages 16-90. Will gradually displace WAIS-I
ReferenceWant to take one of these tests?
Every entry above links to its archive page. The interactive tests can be taken in your browser - the Army Alpha, Stanford-Binet 1916, Raven's Progressive Matrices history, and many others are fully playable.
Browse the Historical IQ Tests Archive