50TH PERCENTILE · 0.00 SD · THE MEDIAN
100

What does an IQ of 100 mean? It's the point every test is built around.

Half of adults score lower, half higher. 100 isn't a discovery about people. It's a design choice: raw results are scaled so the average comes out at exactly 100, with a standard deviation of 15. Scoring 100 means typical, not limited.

HOW 100 IS MADE

From "got 34 right" to an IQ

A test is given to a large norm sample matched to the population. Whatever their average raw score is becomes 100, and one standard deviation of raw scores becomes 15 points. Your IQ is just where your raw score falls against that sample.

Change the sample and the same raw score means something else. That's how the Flynn effect shows up: later samples score higher raw, so tests are re-normed to bring the average back to 100.

sample avg 34 = 100
10
18
26
34
42
50
58
RAW34/60
IQ100
PERCENTILE50th
A made-up 60-item test with an illustrative norm sample (SD 8 raw points). The older sample is set about 2.5 raw points lower to mimic decades of Flynn-effect gains.
THE DENSEST PART OF THE CURVE

How many people are within ±5 of 100?

26%of adults
55
70
85
100
115
130
145
Between 95 and 105: about 26 in 100 adults. Most people you meet sit in this window.
WHAT 100 LOOKS LIKE DAY TO DAY

Typical adult performance, in four domains

01ReadingHigh-school level text, multi-step written instructions, most non-specialised vocational material with reasonable effort.
02NumbersMental arithmetic for routine tasks, personal finances, and the statistics in mainstream news.
03ConversationComplex topics, explained at a conventional adult level.
04Learning a jobMost jobs through on-the-job training. Specialised graduate-level work is a stretch, not out of reach.
WHAT IQ PREDICTS, AND HOW LOOSELY

A correlation of about 0.4 with income looks like this

Adult IQ and income correlate at roughly 0.3–0.4: real, but far from destiny. Each dot is a simulated person. People at IQ 100 (the blue band) are spread from the bottom of the income range to the top.

At r = 0.4, of the simulated people within 3 points of 100, 6 sit in the bottom sixth of income and 2 in the top sixth. That's the realistic range.
IQ → (70 to 130)income →
EDUCATIONFinishing high school is very likely; a bachelor's degree is roughly a coin toss, and rising over recent decades.
INCOMEOn average close to the median, with enormous spread around it.
JOB COMPLEXITYComfortable across most skilled trade and non-specialised professional work.
NOT PREDICTEDConscientiousness, social skill, creativity, work ethic, leadership, life satisfaction.
CAN YOU RAISE IT ABOVE 100?

Test scores, yes, somewhat. Underlying ability, much less.

Familiarity and practice can lift a repeat score by 5–10 points, mostly on pattern items. General intelligence in adulthood is far harder to move.

HELPS SCORES
Reading widelyReliably builds vocabulary and verbal subscores.
Format familiarityRemoves a chunk of first-time noise.
Treating conditionsDepression, anxiety and ADHD suppress measured IQ.
HELPS ON THE DAY
SleepAffects your peak, not your ceiling.
Exercise & foodSame: better performance, same underlying ability.
A quiet roomFewer lost items.
DOESN'T WORK
Most brain-training appsRigorous meta-analyses find little transfer to general ability.
Retaking quicklyPractice inflates the repeat without changing anything real.
Supplements & hacksNo good evidence for lasting gains.
WHY A 100 CAN BE OFF BY 10

Before you trust it, check the conditions

A clinical test like the WAIS-IV has a standard error around 2–3 points; online tests are usually noisier, often 5–8. A single online 100 is best read as roughly 90–110. Tick what applied when you took yours.

Tick the conditions that applied when you took the test.
A TYPICAL AVERAGE-LEVEL ITEMBIRD is to FLY
as FISH is to ?
QUICK ANSWERS
Can I improve from 100?Repeat scores often rise 5–10 points from familiarity. Underlying ability is much harder to change in adulthood. The reliable lifts are reading widely, treating conditions like depression or ADHD, sleep, and cognitively demanding work. Most brain-training apps show little transfer to general ability in rigorous meta-analyses.
BELOW 100 · · · ABOVE 100

Shares near 100 are computed from a normal distribution (mean 100, SD 15). The norming and income charts use simulated data to illustrate a method and a correlation, not real records. Education, income, SEM and brain-training points summarise published research.

Find out where you sit relative to 100.

A composite, four subscores and a confidence interval, not just one number.

Take the full IQ test →