Convert IQ ↔ Z-score
How the conversion works
IQ and Z-score scores are normalised on bell-curve distributions. The conversion maps a person's standing in one distribution to the equivalent standing in the other.
- IQ: mean 100, standard deviation 15.
- Z-score: mean 0, standard deviation 1. Z = (raw score − mean) / SD. Z-scores express how many standard deviations a value is above or below the mean of its distribution.
IQ-equivalent = (target − meantarget) / SDtarget × 15 + 100
target-equivalent = (IQ − 100) / 15 × SDtarget + meantarget
Common IQ ↔ Z-score reference table
| IQ | Z-score | Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| 70 | −2.0 | ~2nd |
| 85 | −1.0 | ~16th |
| 100 | 0.0 | ~50th |
| 115 | +1.0 | ~84th |
| 130 | +2.0 | ~98th |
| 145 | +3.0 | ~99.9th |
| 160 | +4.0 | ~99.997th |
Important caveats
- IQ and Z-scores are mathematically equivalent representations of the same standing on a normal distribution. The conversion is exact (Z = (IQ − 100) / 15), not an estimate, because both use the same underlying scale.
- Extreme-tail conversions are less reliable because both tests have fewer calibration cases there.
- No score entered here is stored, submitted, or connected to an account.
Related tools
IQ percentile calculator · IQ to T-score converter · IQ to Stanine converter · IQ score chart
Cite this converter
Editorial content and curation are released under CC BY-SA 4.0. This converter is part of the What's Your IQ educational resources.